Using randomized control trials (RCTs) applied over time in different countries, we study how the economic environment affects how agents learn from new information. We show that as inflation has recently risen in advanced economies, both households and firms have become more attentive and informed about inflation, leading them to respond less to exogenously provided information about inflation and monetary policy. We also study the effects of RCTs in countries where inflation has been consistently high (Uruguay) and low (New Zealand) as well as what happens when the same agents are repeatedly provided information in both low- and high-inflation environments (Italy). Our results broadly support models in which inattention is an endogenous outcome that depends on the economic environment. 

More on this topic

BFI Working Paper·Jul 8, 2026

How Does Monetary and Fiscal Policy Affect the Economy in the Face of Large Shocks?

Greg Kaplan and Ken Miyahara
Topics: Fiscal Studies, Monetary Policy
BFI Working Paper·Jul 8, 2026

Seemingly Anchored Inflation Expectations

Ulrike Malmendier and Stefan Nagel
Topics: Monetary Policy
BFI Working Paper·Jun 30, 2026

Leaning Against Inflation Experiences

Stefan Nagel
Topics: Monetary Policy